Optimization in automation of surface irrigation systems is the process of considering all flood irrigation variables to improve on farm irrigation efficiency. In order to do so, one must adjust 1) irrigation time to allow for changing crop roughness, 2) border/set length to allow for variable soil type across the field, and 3) flow rate to an irrigation set to improve efficiency. In an ever-changing industry, it’s important to make smart decisions based on accurate and real-time data (flow rate, advance rate, automated gates, ETc , and other variables.)